Your adventure through Bulgaria’s ancient history begins with your arrival in Sofia, a city where the past and present blend seamlessly. As one of Europe’s oldest capitals, Sofia is a treasure trove of Roman ruins, medieval churches, and grand 19th-century buildings, all set against the stunning backdrop of Mount Vitosha.

Depending on your arrival time, take a leisurely walk through the vibrant streets of the city. Discover the golden-domed Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, explore the Roman ruins of Serdica, or simply soak in the lively atmosphere of Sofia’s charming squares and parks.

In the evening, take a leisurely stroll along Vitosha Boulevard, Sofia’s vibrant pedestrian street lined with elegant buildings, lively cafés, and boutique shops. Immerse yourself in the lively atmosphere as locals come together for an evening out, with the majestic silhouette of Mount Vitosha looming in the distance.

Travel Details: Transfer from Sofia International Airport; Expected travel distance ~18km/~30 min; Overnight stay in Sofia (-/-/-)

Today, we embark on a journey through Sofia’s rich and layered history, discovering how this city evolved from a Thracian settlement into a flourishing Roman center, admired by Emperor Constantine, and later an important hub of the Ottoman Empire. As one of Europe’s oldest cities, Sofia’s past is woven into its streets, ruins, and landmarks.

We begin our exploration at the Serdica Archaeological Complex, where excavations carried out during metro construction in 2010-2012 revealed remnants of the ancient Roman city of Serdica. Walking among these well-preserved streets and structures, we gain insight into the life of a city that Constantine the Great affectionately referred to as "My Rome." Our next stop is the National Archaeological Museum, housed within a beautifully restored Ottoman mosque, where artifacts from these and other important excavations tell the story of Bulgaria’s deep past.

In the afternoon, we turn our attention to some of Sofia’s most iconic landmarks. We admire the grandeur of Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, with its striking golden domes and intricate interior, a masterpiece of Orthodox architecture. We then visit the St. George Rotunda, a 4th-century red-brick church renowned for its stunning medieval frescoes, before stepping into the Byzantine Church of St. Sofia, a sacred site that has given the city its name and stands as a testament to centuries of history.

Highlights of the Day:

• Discover the Roman ruins of Serdica, hidden beneath Sofia’s modern streets.
• Explore the National Archaeological Museum, home to fascinating treasures from Bulgaria’s past.
• Visit Sofia's architectural and religious landmarks, including the majestic Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, the fresco-adorned St. George Rotunda, and the ancient Church of St. Sofia.

Travel details: Expected Walking distance: ~5-7 km/ ~6-7 hours including guided visits and breaks; Overnight stay in Sofia (B/-/-)

Leaving Sofia behind, we journey into the pine-clad foothills of the Rila Mountains, where glacial-carved peaks and pristine alpine lakes form the heart of Bulgaria’s largest national park. The rugged beauty of this landscape has long been a place of solitude and spiritual retreat, home to one of Bulgaria’s most treasured landmarks—Rila Monastery.

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Rila Monastery is not only an architectural marvel but also a symbol of Bulgarian faith, resilience, and artistic brilliance. Nestled in the mountains, its arched galleries, ornate domes, and vividly painted frescoes make it one of the most visually striking monastic ensembles in the world. The vibrant murals, covering every inch of its walls and ceilings, seem almost alive with color, with each stroke telling stories of saints, struggles, and salvation.

As we explore, our guide will reveal the history of the monastery, from its founding by St. Ivan of Rila in the 10th century to its significance as a sanctuary for Bulgarian culture during Ottoman rule. We’ll step inside the main church, marveling at its intricate iconostasis and centuries-old manuscripts, before taking time to soak in the serenity of this sacred place.

Highlights of the Day:

• Journey through the stunning Rila Mountains, home to Bulgaria's largest national park.
• Discover the UNESCO-listed Rila Monastery, a masterpiece of Orthodox architecture and fresco artistry.
• Experience the breathtaking frescoes, where color and storytelling merge in an awe-inspiring display.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~240 km round trip/ ~4 hours; Overnight stay in Sofia (B/-/-)

This morning, we begin with a visit to the National Museum of History, home to one of Europe’s most extraordinary collections of ancient gold and archaeological treasures. The exhibits here span millennia of Bulgarian history, ranging from the enigmatic Thracian gold treasures to medieval ecclesiastical art and relics that tell the story of the country’s rich cultural heritage.

Next, we step into a UNESCO-listed gem, the Boyana Church, a small yet remarkable medieval chapel nestled at the foot of Vitosha Mountain. The 13th-century frescoes inside are a masterpiece of early European art, offering an astonishing level of realism and emotion.

In the afternoon, we leave Sofia behind and head southeast to Plovdiv, one of Europe’s oldest continuously inhabited cities. As we travel through the Bulgarian countryside, we begin our transition from the Thracian heritage of western Bulgaria to the rich Roman and Ottoman legacies of Plovdiv, a city famed for its cultural vibrancy and historic charm.

Highlights of the Day:

• Explore the National Museum of History, where Thracian gold and medieval artifacts tell Bulgaria’s rich heritage.
• Marvel at the UNESCO-listed Boyana Church, renowned for its exquisite 13th-century frescoes.
• Journey to Plovdiv, Bulgaria's cultural capital and one of Europe's oldest cities.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~150 km round trip/ ~2 hours; Overnight stay in Plovdiv (B/-/-)

Set along the banks of the Maritsa River, once known as the Hebros in antiquity, Plovdiv is a city where history lingers in every stone and street. As one of Europe’s oldest continuously inhabited settlements, it has served as a vital crossroads between Europe and Asia for millennia. Today, we delve into its rich past, uncovering the stories of Thracians, Romans, and emperors who have left their indelible mark on this remarkable city.

Founded by Philip of Macedon, Plovdiv's earliest history has largely been lost to time, yet the Roman legacy remains astonishingly well-preserved. We begin our exploration in the heart of the ancient city, where the Roman Forum once thrived as a bustling center of civic and commercial life. Nearby, we uncover the Roman Stadium, partially buried beneath the modern city, where thousands once gathered to watch thrilling athletic competitions. One of Plovdiv's most breathtaking sights is the Ancient Theatre of Philippopolis, a magnificent amphitheater from the 1st century AD that still hosts performances today, standing as a testament to the grandeur of Roman engineering and culture. Finally, we make our way to Nebet Tepe, the ancient hilltop fortress that offers sweeping views over the city and provides a glimpse into Plovdiv's earliest origins.

As we wander through the layers of history, our guide will weave together tales of emperors, merchants, and warriors, vividly bringing Plovdiv’s rich past to life. In the evening, you are free to explore the enchanting Old Town, where narrow, cobbled streets wind past beautifully painted 19th-century houses, hidden courtyards, and quaint artisan workshops.

Highlights of the Day:

• Uncover Plovdiv’s Roman legacy by exploring the grand forum, the partially buried stadium, and the breathtaking Ancient Theatre of Philippopolis.
• Stand atop Nebet Tepe, the ancient fortress hill of the city, where history stretches back thousands of years and offers panoramic views of Plovdiv.
• Immerse yourself in the charm of Plovdiv's Old Town, wandering through its cobbled streets, admire the beautifully painted 19th-century houses, and experience the vibrant artistic atmosphere.

Travel details: Expected Walking distance: ~5-7 km/ ~6-7 hours including guided visits and breaks; Overnight stay in Plovdiv (B/-/-)

Leaving Plovdiv, we travel north toward the legendary Valley of the Thracian Kings, a region rich in history and home to the magnificent burial mounds of ancient Thracian rulers. Our first stop is the picturesque village of Hisarya, renowned for its natural hot mineral springs and significant Roman heritage. Once a prosperous Roman spa town called Diocletianopolis, Hisarya still preserves impressive fortress walls, bathhouses, and tombs, offering a glimpse into its grand past.

Here, we visit the Hisarya History Museum, which features a small yet insightful collection of artifacts from local excavations. Among these are intricately crafted objects from the Bessi, a powerful Thracian tribe of the 1st millennium BC. These discoveries shed light on the mystical rituals, warrior traditions, and artistic achievements of the Thracians, whose influence shaped the region for centuries.

Continuing our journey, we arrive at the Valley of the Thracian Kings, an archaeological treasure trove with over 1,500 burial mounds, where Thracian aristocrats and warriors were laid to rest alongside their treasures. We explore remarkable tombs, including the Kazanlak Tomb, a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its 4th-century BC frescoes. Although the original tomb remains closed for preservation, we visit an impressively detailed replica, where the striking murals vividly depict the ceremonial rituals, feasting scenes, and rich mythology of the Thracian elite.

Highlights of the Day:

• Discover the Roman spa town of Hisarya, with its ancient fortress, historic bathhouses, and rejuvenating mineral springs.
• Explore the History Museum, where Thracian artifacts reveal the craftsmanship and beliefs of the warrior tribes of ancient Bulgaria.
• Unravel the mysteries of the Valley of the Thracian Kings, which includes a visit to the stunning replica of the UNESCO-listed Kazanlak Tomb.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~220 km round trip/ ~4,5 hours; Overnight stay in Plovdiv (B/-/-)

Leaving Plovdiv, we travel east toward Aleksandrovo, home to one of Bulgaria’s most remarkable archaeological discoveries—the Thracian Tomb of Aleksandrovo. Discovered in 2000, this burial site dates back to the 4th century BCE and is renowned for its exceptional frescoes, which offer a rare glimpse into the world of the ancient Thracians. The vibrant murals, particularly those in the burial chamber, depict an extraordinary hunting scene, where horsemen, foot soldiers, wild boars, deer, and hunting dogs bring the past to life. One particularly striking detail is the figure of a stark-naked warrior, an image that continues to captivate historians and archaeologists alike.

After exploring the tomb and its intricate frescoes, we continue our journey to Stara Zagora, a city with a history stretching back over 8,000 years. Here, we visit the Neolithic Dwellings Museum, home to some of Europe’s best-preserved prehistoric houses from the 6th millennium BCE. These remarkably intact dwellings—complete with original walls, hearths, and storage areas—provide a tangible connection to the region’s earliest inhabitants and offer a unique perspective on early human settlement in the Balkans.

As we explore these ancient sites, we gain an incredible appreciation for the sheer depth of history that Bulgaria holds, from the mystical Thracian civilization to the very beginnings of European culture.

Highlights of the Day:

• Discover the Thracian Tomb of Aleksandrovo, featuring its stunning 4th-century BCE frescoes of warriors and hunters.
• Step inside the Neolithic Houses of Stara Zagora, which are among Europe’s best-preserved prehistoric dwellings.
• Explore Bulgaria's ancient past, tracing a timeline from early human settlements to the Thracian warrior culture.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~280 km/ ~4 hours; Overnight stay in Stara Zagora (B/-/-)

Our journey today takes us through thousands of years of history, from Bulgaria’s prehistoric beginnings to the sun-kissed shores of the Black Sea. We begin at Karanovo, one of Europe’s most significant prehistoric sites, where an immense settlement mound reveals layers of human occupation dating from the 6th to the 2nd millennium BCE. This site marks a pivotal period in human history—the transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age—as early communities developed agriculture, trade, and metalworking. Walking through the site, we see firsthand the deep roots of civilization in this region, preserved in the stratified remains of dwellings, tools, and pottery that tell the story of Europe’s earliest societies.

From Karanovo, we continue east to Nessebar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the Black Sea’s most captivating historic towns. Known in antiquity as Messambria, it was originally founded by the Thracians before becoming a thriving Greek trading colony. The old town, situated on a small island connected to the mainland by a narrow land bridge, is a treasure trove of medieval churches, ancient city walls, and charming 19th-century timber houses. As we wander its cobbled streets, we soak in the unique blend of architectural and cultural influences that have shaped this coastal gem over millennia.

After exploring Nessebar’s rich heritage and stunning seaside views, we continue north along the coast to Varna, a vibrant port city that has been a crossroads of civilizations for centuries.

Highlights of the Day:

• Explore the prehistoric settlement of Karanovo, a significant site that traces the transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.
• Step into the ancient world of Nessebar, a former Thracian and Greek colony renowned for its stunning medieval and Ottoman-era architecture.
• Enjoy the scenic drive along the Black Sea coast as we journey north to Varna.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~280 km/ ~4 hours; Overnight stay in Varna (B/-/-)

Today, we delve into the history of Odessos, the ancient city that evolved into modern-day Varna. Founded in the 6th century BCE during the era of Great Greek Colonization, Odessos emerged as a crucial center for trade, culture, and craftsmanship along the Black Sea coast. As we explore, we uncover its deep connections to the Thracians, Greeks, and Romans, each of whom left an indelible mark on this vibrant coastal city.

We begin our morning at the Varna Archaeological Museum, one of the most prestigious museums in Bulgaria. Its collections provide a captivating insight into the archaeology of northeastern Bulgaria, spanning millennia of history. However, the museum’s most extraordinary exhibit is the world-renowned Varna Gold—the oldest known processed gold in the world, dating back to the Copper Age (4600 BC to 4200 BC). The intricately crafted artifacts from the Varna Necropolis reveal the wealth, ritual practices, and early social hierarchies of Europe’s earliest civilizations, making this one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of all time.

In the afternoon, we take time to explore Varna’s rich historical and architectural heritage. Among its highlights is the Roman bath complex, the largest in Bulgaria and one of the largest in the Balkans. Here, we can still see remnants of massive vaulted chambers, hypocaust heating systems, and decorative elements that once adorned this grand structure from the 2nd century AD. As we wander through the city, we also experience Varna’s vibrant seaside charm, with its breezy promenades, grand 19th-century buildings, and lively café culture.

Highlights of the Day:

• Discover the Varna Gold, the world's oldest known worked gold, housed in the city's exceptional Archaeological Museum.
• Explore the Roman Baths of Odessos, one of the largest ancient bath complexes in the Balkans.
• Experience the vibrant fusion of history and coastal culture as we stroll through the streets of Bulgaria's Black Sea capital.

Travel details: Expected Walking distance: ~4-6 km/ ~6-7 hours including guided visits and breaks; Overnight stay in Varna (B/-/-)

Leaving Varna, we venture inland toward some of Bulgaria’s most remarkable UNESCO World Heritage sites, where Thracian and medieval legacies are etched into the landscape.

Our first stop is the Madara Horseman, an awe-inspiring rock relief carved into a 40-square-meter sandstone cliff that rises 23 meters above the ground. Dating back to the 8th century AD, this majestic depiction of a horseman, accompanied by an eagle and a dog, stands over a vanquished lion, symbolizing the power and triumph of Bulgaria’s early medieval rulers. As the only rock relief of its kind in Europe, it serves as a powerful reminder of the First Bulgarian Empire and the rich cultural and artistic achievements of that era.

From Madara, we continue to the second UNESCO-listed treasure of the day—the Sveshtari Thracian Tomb, a burial site unlike any other. Built in the 3rd century BCE, the tomb’s architecture and decoration provide a rare fusion of Thracian and Hellenistic artistic traditions. Inside, we encounter its most striking feature: a surreal row of half-human, half-plant female figures sculpted in high relief, their hands raised in a mystical gesture. These ethereal caryatids, along with the tomb’s vivid polychrome frescoes, create an almost otherworldly atmosphere, offering a glimpse into the spiritual and funerary beliefs of the Thracians.

In the afternoon, we continue west toward Veliko Tarnovo, the medieval capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire, where we settle in for the evening, ready to explore its legendary fortress and historic streets the following day.

Highlights of the Day:

• Stand before the Madara Horseman, an unparalleled rock relief from Bulgaria's early medieval era.
• Step inside the Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari, where mystical figures and Hellenistic influences converge to create a unique burial chamber.
• Journey through Bulgaria's ancient past, from the Thracian kings to the medieval Bulgarian rulers, as we make our way to Veliko Tarnovo.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~330 km/ ~5,5 hours excluding site visits; Overnight stay in Veliko Tarnovo (B/-/-)

Today, we step into the glorious medieval past of Bulgaria by exploring Veliko Tarnovo, which was once the capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire and is rich in historical significance. Dramatically perched on a gorge above the Yantra River, its winding streets, medieval ruins, and fortress walls echo the grandeur of a time when Tarnovgrad was a powerful center of politics, culture, and spirituality.

We begin our exploration at Tsarevets Fortress, a majestic medieval stronghold that served as the royal and patriarchal seat of Bulgaria’s Tsars from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Within its walls, we discover the remnants of the royal palace, the Patriarchal Cathedral, defensive towers, and gates, all of which tell the story of Bulgaria’s golden age. From the heights of the fortress, breathtaking views of the city and surrounding landscape unfold, showcasing why this hilltop citadel was chosen as the heart of the empire.

Next, we visit the Church of Saints Peter and Paul, one of the few surviving medieval churches in Veliko Tarnovo, adorned with beautifully preserved 14th-century frescoes that reflect the artistic and religious influences of the time.

In the afternoon, we leave the medieval world behind and travel to Nicopolis ad Istrum, an ancient Roman city founded by Emperor Trajan in the early 2nd century AD. Once a thriving urban center near the Danube frontier, this site reveals the remains of a grand Roman forum, streets lined with colonnades, public baths, an Odeon, and an aqueduct. Walking through its ruins, we can imagine the lively markets, political debates, and cultural exchanges that took place in this once-prosperous city.

After exploring the city's Roman legacy, we return to Veliko Tarnovo for the evening, where the charming Old Town and vibrant artisan district invite us to reflect on the layers of history that have shaped Bulgaria's past.

Highlights of the Day:

• Step into medieval Bulgaria at Tsarevets Fortress, which once served as the seat of kings and patriarchs.
• Admire the frescoes in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul, one of Veliko Tarnovo’s most historic Orthodox landmarks.
• Walk through the ancient streets of Nicopolis ad Istrum, a former Roman colony where emperors once ruled.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~60 km/ ~1 hour excluding site visits; Overnight stay in Veliko Tarnovo (B/-/-)

On the final day of our journey, we take a short drive to Arbanasi, a historic village perched on a plateau overlooking Veliko Tarnovo. Renowned for its rich architectural heritage, Arbanasi was a flourishing merchant settlement during the Ottoman era, home to grand stone houses and beautifully decorated churches.

We begin our exploration at the Konstantsaliev House, a traditional Bulgarian folk home that offers insight into the lifestyle of the wealthy merchant families who lived here centuries ago. Its fortified stone exterior contrasts with the elegantly furnished interiors, showcasing hand-carved wooden ceilings, intricate iconography, and traditional domestic items.

Next, we visit the Nativity Church, an architectural and artistic masterpiece celebrated for its stunning 17th-century frescoes. The interior is covered from floor to ceiling with vivid murals depicting a pantheon of saints, biblical scenes, and intricate iconographic details, making it as one of the most significant examples of Bulgarian religious art from the Ottoman period.

After some free time to soak in the tranquil atmosphere of Arbanasi, we begin our return journey to Sofia, ensuring we arrive in time for departure flights or onward travel. As we leave behind the stunning landscapes, vibrant cities, and archaeological wonders of Bulgaria, we reflect on the rich layers of history and cultural treasures that have made this journey truly remarkable.

Highlights of the Day:

• Discover Arbanasi’s historical charm, exploring its well-preserved merchant houses and rich architectural heritage.
• Step inside the fresco-covered Nativity Church, where vibrant 17th-century murals vividly bring biblical stories to life.

Travel details: Expected Travel distance: ~224 km/ ~3h 40 min; Transfer to Sofia airport for departure; (B/-/-)